Sushruta Samhita Chapter 30 Panchendriyartha Vipratipatti Adhyaya

This article explains Sushruta Samhita Sutrasthana Chapter 30 “Panchendriyartha Vipratipatti Adhyaya” – Fatal signs of five sensory perceptions

Panchendriyartha Vipratipatti Adhyaya

Fatal signs of five sensory perceptions

अथातः पञ्चेन्द्रियार्थविप्रतिपत्तिमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||
यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ||२||
 We will now expound the chapter by name Panchendriya Artha Vipratipatifatal signs of the five sensory perceptions; as revealed by the venerable Dhanvantari.
Read – Relation Between Doshas, Sense Organs And Perception

Arista

Definition

शरीरशीलयोर्यस्य प्रकृतेर्विकृतिर्भवेत् |
तत्त्वरिष्टं समासेन, व्यासतस्तु निबोध मे ||३||
Abnormalities or deformities (disturbances) occurring constantly in sharira (body), shila (character) and prakriti (body type) is generally considered as arista. I will explain this in detail in the upcoming context, please listen.

Notes:-  In the previous two chapters, fatal signs which are external (apart from the patient) were described. In this and the following two, fatal signs, which are present in the body itself, are described.
Read – Arishta Lakshanas – Ominous Signs And Symptoms Indicating Bad Prognosis

Sabda arista

Fatal signs of hearing

शृणोति विविधाञ् शब्दान् यो दिव्यानामभावतः |
समुद्रपुरमेघानामसम्पत्तौ च निःस्वनान् ||४||
तान् स्वनान्नावगृह्णाति मन्यते चान्यशब्दवत् |
ग्राम्यारण्यस्वनांश्चापि विपरीताञ् शृणोति च ||५||
द्विषच्छब्देषु रमते सुहृच्छब्देषु कुप्यति |
न शृणोति च योऽकस्मात्तं ब्रुवन्ति गतायुषम् ||६||
He, who hears  sounds such as  divine (celestial, superhuman), roar of the ocean, sounds of cities or clouds even though not present or alternatively does not hear the sounds of ocean, sounds of cities or clouds in spite of they being present or hears totally different kinds of sounds (understands these sounds as pertaining to other things), or hears the sounds of domestic and wild animals in abnormal / unusual / opposite manner (hears sounds of domestic animals as that of wild animals and vice versa); enjoys the sound (talk) of hatred / envy (enemies), but becomes angry with the sound (talk) of friendship; he who does not hear sounds (becomes deaf) without any reason (diseases of ear) such a person is considered as losing his life (will die soon).

Sparsa arista

Fatal signs of touch

 यस्तूष्णमिव गृह्णाति शीतमुष्णं च शीतवत् |
सञ्जातशीतपिडको यश्च दाहेन पीड्यते ||७||
उष्णगात्रोऽतिमात्रं च यः शीतेन प्रवेपते |
प्रहारान्नाभिजानाति योऽङ्गच्छेदमथापि वा ||८||
He who understands cold things as hot things and hot things as cold, who feels  burning sensation though cold eruptions have appeared on the body, who shivers with cold though his body is very hot, who does not understand (perceive) blows or cutting of the body parts (is to be understood as losing his life).
Read – Bad Prognosis Based On Smell, Touch, Taste, Colour And Voice

Rupa arista

Fatal signs of appearance

पांशुनेवावकीर्णानि यश्च गात्राणि मन्यते |
वर्णान्यता वा राज्यो वा यस्य गात्रे भवन्ति हि ||९||
He, who feels that his body is covered with dust, that there is change in the colour of his body to something (some other colour) other than his normal, or there is fresh appearance of lines on the body,(is to be understood as losing his life).

Gandha arista

Fatal signs of odour

स्नातानुलिप्तं यं चापि भजन्ते नीलमक्षिकाः
सुगन्धिर्वाऽति योऽकस्मात्तं ब्रुवन्ति गतायुषम् ||१०||
The person in whom blue bees (honey bees) swarm on his body though he has bathed and applied unguents (perfumes) or appearance of sweetness of the body odour; or he who emits very sweet odour suddenly without any reason (from his body), such person is said as losing his life.
Read – How Knowledge Is Gained Through Sense Organs?

Rasa arista

Fatal signs of taste

विपरीतेन गृह्णाति रसान् यश्चोपयोजितान् |
उपयुक्ताः क्रमाद्यस्य रसा दोषाभिवृद्धये ||११||
यस्य दोषाग्निसाम्यं च कुर्युर्मिथ्योपयोजिताः |
यो वा रसान्न संवेत्ति गतासुं तं प्रचक्षते ||१२||
He, who understands (perceives) tastes in a different or opposite way (of foods) in relation to the real taste of the food that he has consumed, or tastes even though used improperly still maintain the normalcy of the Dosas and agni (digestive fire); or he who does not understand any taste at all without any reason – such a person should be considered as losing life.

Gandha grahana arista

Fatal signs of smelling

सुगन्धं वेत्ति दुर्गन्धं दुर्गन्धस्य सुगन्धिताम् |
गृह्णीते वाऽन्यथा गन्धं शान्ते दीपे च नीरुजः ||१३||
यो वा गन्धं न जानाति गतासुं तं विनिर्दिशेत् |१४|
He, who understands pleasant smell as unpleasant (foul, bad) and unpleasant smell as pleasant; understands the smell as different from the usual, who does not understand the smell of the wick of the lamp just extinguished or he who does not understand any smell in spite of not having any diseases (alternative explanation – the patient becomes free of diseases when the lamp is extinguished i.e. at day time and does not perceive the smell of the wick of the extinguished lamp) – should be understood as losing life.
Read – Anosmia: Ayurvedic Treatment And Home Remedies

द्वन्द्वान्युष्णहिमादीनि कालावस्था दिशस्तथा ||१४||
विपरीतेन गृह्णाति भावानन्यांश्च यो नरः
दिवा ज्योतींषि यश्चापि ज्वलितानीव पश्यति ||१५||
रात्रौ सूर्यं ज्वलन्तं वा दिवा वा चन्द्रवर्चसम् |
अमेघोपप्लवे यश्च शक्रचापतडिद्गुणान् ||१६||
तडित्त्वतोऽसितान् यो वा निर्मले गगने घनान् |
विमानयानप्रासादैर्यश्च सङ्कुलमम्बरम् ||१७||
यश्चानिलं मूर्तिमन्तमन्तरिक्षं च पश्यति |
धूमनीहारवासोभिरावृतामिव मेदिनीम् ||१८||
प्रदीप्तमिव लोकं च यो वा प्लुतमिवाम्भसा |
भूमिमष्टापदाकारां लेखाभिर्यश्च पश्यति ||१९||
न पश्यति सनक्षत्रां यश्च देवीमरुन्धतीम् |
ध्रुवमाकाशगङ्गां वा तं वदन्ति गतायुषम् ||२०||

He, who understands duels such as hot and cold etc. the different  periods of time, different directions and such other factors in the opposite manner (other than the usual) is going to lose life.
He, who sees the stars as burning bright even during day, who sees the sun  shining at night and moon shining at day time; who sees the rainbow and thunderbolt even when there are no clouds in the sky, who sees lightening along with dark clouds in the clear sky (or the lightning as black in colour), who sees the sky as though full of Vimana (vehicles moving  in air  / aeroplanes) chariots  and palaces, who sees  the air, and sky having form (shapes), the earth as being covered by smoke, dew, mist or cloth, the world (earth) as though burning hot and the world drowning in the water, sees the ground as similar to the board of dice game, who cannot see the Arundhati (star) along with associate stars Dhruva (pole star) or Akasa- ganga (milky way) -such a person is called as one who is losing life.

ज्योत्स्नादर्शोष्णतोयेषु छायां यश्च न पश्यति |
पश्यत्येकाङ्गहीनां वा विकृतां वाऽन्यसत्त्वजाम् ||२१||
श्वकाककङ्कगृध्राणां प्रेतानां यक्षरक्षसाम् |
पिशाचोरगनागानां भूतानां विकृतामपि ||२२||
यो वा मयूरकण्ठाभं विधूमं वह्निमीक्षते |
आतुरस्य भवेन्मृत्युः स्वस्थो व्याधिमवाप्नुयात् ||२३||
He, who does not see his own image in moonlight, mirror, sunlight, and water, or sees the image with parts missing or distorted or sees the image of other animals ( instead of his own) or sees the image of the dog, crow, heron; preta, yaksa, raksas, pisach, uraga, naga or bhuta, he who sees the fire blue like the peacocks neck and without smoke such a person, if he is a patient, loses his life and if a healthy person he becomes affected by diseases.

इति श्रीसुश्रुतसंहितायां सूत्रस्थाने पञ्चेन्द्रियार्थविप्रतिपत्तिर्नाम त्रिंशोऽध्यायः|
Thus ends the Thirtieth chapter by name Panchendriyartha Viparatipatti in Sutra Sthana of Susrutha Samhita.